Metformin HCl price index

Metformin HCl price December 2025 and outlook (see chart below)

• India:US$3.42/KG, unchanged

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Metformin HCl price index

This post is a summary of the Metformin HCl price developments. The price developments of Metformin HCl are expressed in US$ prices converted FX rates applicable at the time when the price was valid. Metformin HCl price index developments are calculated from multiple separate sources of data to ensure statistical accuracy.

The outlook for Metformin HCl prices is generated from different inputs including:

• Very recent price developments of immediate cost drivers of Metformin HCl prices
• Recent price developments of underlying feedstocks which drive the price of Metformin HCl
• Market futures for both cost drives and feedstocks of Metformin HCl prices
• Adjustment of current supply/demand imbalances in the Metformin HCl market
• Longer term trends in likely demand conditions

What is Metformin HCl and what is it used for

Metformin Hydrochloride (Metformin HCl) is the hydrochloride salt form of the biguanide antihyperglycaemic agent Metformin (chemical formula C₄H₁₁N₅·HCl). It is a first‑line oral medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, especially in patients who are overweight, because it reduces hepatic glucose production, increases insulin sensitivity, and improves peripheral glucose uptake. In addition to its major indication for type 2 diabetes, metformin is also used off‑label (or in guideline‑supported uses) for conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Its mechanism of action is not completely understood, but likely involves activation of AMP‑activated protein kinase (AMPK), inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis, and effects on mitochondrial respiration, among other pathways.

How is Metformin HCl produced

The production of Metformin HCl involves chemical synthesis of the base (metformin) followed by conversion to its hydrochloride salt. A common manufacturing route begins with dimethylamine (or dimethylamine hydrochloride) reacting with cyanoguanidine (or dicyandiamide) to form metformin base, which is then treated with hydrochloric acid, crystallised, purified, dried and milled into the pharmaceutical‑grade hydrochloride form. The salt form (HCl) improves stability, solubility in water, and handling/manufacturing properties compared to the base. Many production plants adhere to GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice) standards for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs), and large‑scale production facilities are located particularly in India, China and Europe.

How large is the global market for Metformin HCl and where is it produced

The global market for Metformin HCl (and metformin‑containing drugs) is substantial and growing. For example, one market estimate places the global metformin drugs market (including finished formulations) at about USD 4.50 billion in 2025, rising to approximately USD 7.99 billion by 2034. For the API (active pharmaceutical ingredient) of Metformin HCl, reports suggest production capacities on the order of tens of thousands of tonnes: one source cites ~87,000 tonnes in 2024 for Metformin HCl, with growth to ~155,000 tonnes by 2035 at a CAGR of ~5.45%. Production is heavily concentrated in Asia, especially India and China, which together account for a large share of global supply (one report estimates ~68% of global supply chain in India/China). Many other manufacturers operate globally: for example, a European producer (Vistin Pharma ASA) reported a capacity target of ~7,000 MT/year for Metformin HCl API at one of its plants.